Neurodegeneration affecting memory and thinking
Dementia is an umbrella term for several brain conditions, each affecting memory, thinking and daily life. The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease.
There is no cure for most dementias, however, appropriate treatment and support can meaningfully assist day-to-day function and quality of life.
Symptoms often start subtly and can include memory lapses, language difficulty or changes in personality and judgement.
Below are key topics with further detail on dementia symptoms, types of dementia and diagnostic considerations.
Some of the most common symptoms of dementia include:
The different types of dementia are:
Diagnosis is a starting point, and is achieved through a:
- dementia specialist review
- memory assessment.
Sometimes, the specific underlying type of dementia can be identified, which can help your medical team tailor treatment to your symptoms and plan your care effectively.
In neurodegenerative dementias, the brain regions that are affected first and most severely, can influence:
- how the condition is diagnosed
- the specific symptoms an individual may experience
- typical progression, prognosis and future care planning
- which management and treatment approaches may be appropriate.
Treatment and support are delivered through:
The brain has specialised regions responsible for memory, language, behaviour and movement.
Symptoms relating to any of these functions reflect damage to, or neurodegeneration of, various brain regions. Over time, this damage can lead to impaired function and loss of independence.
Read more about related topics:
Read more about our research and clinical trials:
Our neurology specialists at Macquarie University Health have expertise in assessing, diagnosing and treating dementia. They carefully assess each patient’s individual pattern of symptoms to classify the specific type of dementia involved.
See our team:
If you or a family member has noticed ongoing changes in memory, language, behaviour or daily functioning, a specialist assessment may help provide clarity and a tailored care plan.
To be seen by a neurologist with special expertise in dementia:
- speak with your GP about a referral for dementia assessment
- bring a list of current medications and examples of the changes you’ve noticed
- ask a family member or support person to attend appointments with you – they are welcome.
We will work alongside your GP and existing care team to support ongoing management.
Learn more about the Macquarie University Brain Institute and Clinic.
When to seek help
You should seek assessment if:
- mental functions such as memory, thinking, reasoning, attention, language and/or problem-solving are getting worse
- changes are impacting safety, independence or financial management
- confusion occurs in familiar places or about familiar topics
- family members notice changes
- forgetfulness affects work or daily life.
For sudden or rapidly worsening symptoms, call Emergency on 000.